{"id":77608,"date":"2022-05-20T10:55:35","date_gmt":"2022-05-20T10:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/?post_type=problem_profile&#038;p=77608"},"modified":"2024-05-23T21:58:31","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T21:58:31","slug":"science-policy-and-infrastructure","status":"publish","type":"problem_profile","link":"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/science-policy-and-infrastructure\/","title":{"rendered":"Science policy and infrastructure"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_white no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">Table of Contents<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#why-might-science-policy-and-infrastructure-be-a-pressing-issue\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">1<\/span> Why might science policy and infrastructure be a pressing issue?<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#learn-more-about-science-policy-and-infrastructure\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">2<\/span> Learn more about science policy and infrastructure<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<h2><span id=\"why-might-science-policy-and-infrastructure-be-a-pressing-issue\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span>Why might science policy and infrastructure be a pressing issue?<\/h2>\n<p>Scientific research has been an enormous driver of human welfare. However, science policy and infrastructure are not always designed well to incentivise research that most benefits society in the long term.<\/p>\n<p>For example, we&#8217;ve argued that <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/extinction-risk\/#a-history-of-progress-leading-to-the-start-of-the-most-dangerous-epoch-in-human-history\">some scientific and technological developments can increase risks of catastrophe<\/a>, which better institutional checks might be able to help reduce.<\/p>\n<p>More prosaically, scientific progress is often driven more by what is commercially valuable, interesting, or prestigious than by considerations of long-run positive impact. In general, we favour <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221023224219\/https:\/\/blog.givewell.org\/2015\/09\/30\/differential-technological-development-some-early-thinking\/\">differential development<\/a> in science and technology over indiscriminate progress, which better science policies or institutional design may help enable.<\/p>\n<p>This suggests that there is room for improving systems shaping scientific research and increasing their benefits going forward. We&#8217;re particularly keen on people creating structures or incentives to push scientific research in more positive and less risky directions.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"learn-more-about-science-policy-and-infrastructure\" class=\"toc-anchor\"><\/span>Learn more about science policy and infrastructure<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190714091523\/https:\/\/blog.givewell.org\/2015\/04\/21\/science-policy-and-infrastructure\/\">Givewell&#8217;s overview of the area<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/articles\/research-questions-by-discipline\/#science-policy-infrastructure-and-metascience-research-questions\">Example research questions about improving science policy and infrastructure<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/forum.effectivealtruism.org\/posts\/7eNxc6wzxWziJ3EGi\/science-policy-as-a-possible-ea-cause-area-problems-and\">Science policy as a possible EA cause area: problems and solutions<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/emergingtechpolicy.org\/?utm_source=80000hours.org&amp;utm_medium=problem-profiles-science-policy-and-infrastructure\">Emergingtechpolicy.org<\/a>, a website with expert advice and resources on US science and technology policy careers<\/li>\n<li>Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/podcast\/episodes\/matt-clancy-whether-science-is-good\/\">Matt Clancy on whether science is good<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/podcast\/episodes\/spencer-greenberg-stopping-valueless-papers\/\">Spencer Greenberg on stopping valueless papers from getting into top journals<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Podcast: <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/podcast\/episodes\/spencer-greenberg-money-happiness-hype-value\/\">Spencer Greenberg on causation without correlation, money and happiness, lightgassing, hype vs value, and more<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"tw--mt-6 tw--p-3 tw--pt-2 tw--bg-gray-lighter tw--rounded-md \">\n<h3 class=\"no-toc\">\t\t<a class=\"no-visited-styling tw--text-off-black hover:tw--text-off-black hover:tw--no-underline focus:tw--text-off-black\" href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/\">\t\t\t<small>Read next:&nbsp;<\/small>\t\t\tExplore other pressing world problems\t\t<\/a>\t<\/h3>\n<div class=\"tw--grid xs:tw--grid-flow-col tw--gap-3\">\n<div class=\"xs:tw--order-last tw--pt-1\">\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/\">\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/sea-ocean-sky-night-cosmos-view-826635-pxhere.com_-720x448.jpg\" alt=\"Decorative post preview\" width=\"720\" height=\"448\">\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"tw--pb-3\">\n<p>Want to learn more about global issues we think are especially pressing? See our list of issues that are large in scale, solvable, and neglected, according to our research.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"\">\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/problem-profiles\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary\">Continue &rarr;<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"well visible-if-not-newsletter-subscriber margin-bottom margin-top padding-top-small padding-bottom-small\">\n<h3 class=\"no-toc\">Plus, join our newsletter and we&#8217;ll mail you a free book<\/h3>\n<p>Join our newsletter and we&#8217;ll send you a free copy of <em>The Precipice<\/em> \u2014 a book by philosopher Toby Ord about how to tackle the greatest threats facing humanity. <a href=\"https:\/\/80000hours.org\/free-book\/#giveaway-terms\">T&#038;Cs here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<form data-80k-object-id=\"\" data-80k-form-action=\"newsletter__subscribe\" action=\"\/\" method=\"post\" class=\"form-newsletter-signup form-newsletter-signup-step-1 margin-bottom-smaller\">\n<div class=\"mc-field-group input-group compact-input-group \"> <input type=\"email\" value=\"\" name=\"email\" required class=\"form-control email\" placeholder=\"Email address\" id=\"input_email\"> <span class=\"submit input-group-btn input-group-btn-right\"> <input type=\"submit\" id=\"mc-embedded-subscribe\" value=\"GET THE BOOK\" class=\"btn btn-primary \" \/> <\/span> <\/div>\n<div> <input name=\"_eightyk_action\" value=\"mailchimp_add_subscriber\" type=\"hidden\"> <input name=\"redirect_path_after_step_2\" value=\"\/newsletter\/welcome\/\" type=\"hidden\"> <\/div>\n<div style=\"position: absolute; left: -5000px;\"> <input type=\"text\" name=\"b_abc12f58bbe8075560abdc5b7_43bc1ae55c\" tabindex=\"-1\" value=\"\"> <\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":422,"featured_media":77693,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[291],"class_list":["post-77608","problem_profile","type-problem_profile","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-world-problems"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.3 - 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